Fatty liver disease, or hepatic steatosis, occurs when abnormal amounts of fat build up in liver cells. There are two primary types: alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) linked to excessive alcohol consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with factors like obesity and insulin resistance.
Once considered a consequence of heavy drinking, fatty liver disease has become a global health concern with rising prevalence. Often asymptomatic in its early stages, it silently accumulates fat in the liver, potentially causing inflammation and lasting damage. Recognizing the signs and risk factors is crucial as ignoring them may lead to severe consequences.
One challenge is the early asymptomatic nature of fatty liver disease. The liver can function well even with substantial fat accumulation, delaying diagnosis until significant progression occurs.
Fatigue, a common early symptom, results from compromised liver functions affecting energy metabolism. Even with adequate sleep, individuals may experience persistent tiredness.
Discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen, where the liver resides, is another symptom. While not always severe, ongoing discomfort warrants medical evaluation.
Unexplained weight loss can signal disruptions in metabolic processes due to liver fat accumulation, impacting body weight regulation.
Weakness and malaise are reported by those with fatty liver disease, affecting daily activities and prompting medical attention.
In advanced stages, jaundice may occur, indicated by yellowing of the skin and eyes, signaling severe liver involvement and necessitating urgent medical evaluation.
Abdominal swelling, caused by fluid accumulation (ascites), indicates advanced disease stages, requiring immediate medical attention. Recognizing these signs empowers individuals to seek timely medical help and manage fatty liver disease effectively.