A recent study suggests that adhering to a Mediterranean or MIND diet may have positive effects on cognitive health, particularly in females. The research, which involved 509 twins, found that those following these diets better preserved episodic and visuospatial working memory after a decade.
The study focused on genetically identical (monozygotic) and fraternal (dizygotic) twins. Among the monozygotic twin pairs, the twin with a higher adherence to either the Mediterranean or MIND diet showed slightly stronger episodic and visuospatial working memory.
The research analyzed data from 509 female twins who had enrolled in the UK Adult Twin Registry between 1992 and 2004. The study cohort included healthy twins with baseline data on diet and cognitive performance. About 10 years later, cognitive tests were conducted, and fecal samples were analyzed.
Adherence to the MIND diet was associated with a greater abundance of the bacteria Ruminococcaceae and short-chain fatty acids. However, this association was not significant after adjusting for dietary fiber intake.
Experts note that the study, which focused on midlife females, offers a unique perspective on the interplay between diet and cognitive health. It emphasizes the relevance of healthy dietary habits during midlife and their potential impact on cognitive resilience and cognitive reserve, potentially extending into older age.
The cognitive benefits reported in the study were less dramatic than those observed in studies of older individuals, possibly because midlife individuals are already operating at higher levels of cognitive function.
Episodic memory, the capacity to use personal experiences for learning and recalling information, and visuospatial memory, the ability to recognize objects and their spatial locations, were measured as crucial quasi-biomarkers of cognitive health.
The study suggests that a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, physical activity, social engagement, mental stimulation, sufficient sleep, and stress reduction, is essential for maintaining cognitive health as individuals age. While diet is a pivotal component, it works in conjunction with other lifestyle factors.
In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights into how dietary habits in midlife can impact cognitive health, potentially enhancing cognitive resilience and building cognitive reserve for better maintenance of cognitive abilities over time.
It's worth noting that individual dietary needs and responses may vary, and consulting with healthcare professionals is advisable before making significant changes to one's diet.
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